, STRUCTURAL AND HYDROGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF RIVER SYSTEMS IN THE BASIN OF BAIKAL LAKE // BSU bulletin. Biology, geography. - 2017. №4. . - С. 16-23.

STRUCTURAL AND HYDROGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF RIVER SYSTEMS IN THE BASIN OF BAIKAL LAKE

Исследования проведены при финансовой поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований (№ 16-05-00286 «Природные процессы в устьевых областях притоков и на приле- гающем побережье оз. Байкал в условиях естественных и антропогенных изменений» и 17-29-05052 «Экзоморфолитогенез устьев Байкальских притоков на современном этапе гидроклиматического цикла: моделирование и прогноз»

UDK: 556.522

A structural and hydrographic analysis of the river systems of the Lake Baikal basin has been carried out. The information basis of the study is the data of average annual water dis- charge in the sections of the standard observation network. A static model of river systems (RS) is constructed using medium-scale topographic maps for the study area. The use of modern GIS-technologies allows to build a dynamic model and to carry out analysis of river systems at the level of the water-erosion network. A static model is an aggregate a constant- ly functioning river network. This model is constructed for the average long-term runoff of the low-water phase of the water regime. The dynamic model corresponds to the phase of extreme runoff at maximum moistening. In the dynamic model, there is an increase in the number of elementary watercourses due to the activity of all drainage gullies, caused to the relief of each particular basin. The order of the river systems according to the Horton- Strahler classification was determined and the bifurcation coefficient was calculated for the static and dynamic model. The feasibility of applying the bifurcation coefficient is deter- mined for the dynamic model. The number of mouths of watercourses, which flowing into Lake Baikal is estimated of the dynamic model. A comparative analysis of the order rivers of the static and dynamic models was performed, as a result of which the importance of dif- ferent-scale topographic maps and a digital terrain model for investigating the river or channel network within the framework of structural hydrography was identified.

Baikal Lake, river systems, structural characteristics, hydrographic analysis, channel network, order composition, water and erosion elements.

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