GENETIC FACTORS OF ADAPTATION TO TRAINING LOADS IN WEIGHTLIFTING // BSU bulletin. Philosophy. - 2017. №1. Педагогика. Pedagogy. - С. 126-136.

GENETIC FACTORS OF ADAPTATION TO TRAINING LOADS IN WEIGHTLIFTING

Работа выполнена при поддержке Министерства образования и науки Российской Федерации, проект № 3842, выполняемый в рамках базовой части государственного задания в сфере научной деятельности по заданию № 2014/312.

DOI: 10.18101/1994-0866-2017-1-126-136 UDK: 796 (075.8)

This article presents data of the research aimed at selection of optimal training and competitive loads for weightlifters based on individual genetic features. The experi- mental group included highly skilled athletes (n = 178). During the experiment, it was found that some weightlifters had advantage in volumes of training loads in a macro- cycle. Computer analysis of the load in association with the received genotypes al- lowed us to classify athletes on quickly and slowly trained. The aim of this work is de- velopment and experimental validation of theoretical and methodological foundations for long-term training of weightlifters based on individual genetic features. Four po- lymorphisms associated with physical activity were analyzed - ACE, ACTN3, PPARGC1А, and MSTN. It was founded that athletes with SS genotype of gene PPARGC1А had high level of intensity despite low volume of training in meso- and macrocycles (P <0,05). The athletes with genotypes KL and LL of MSTN gene had an advantage in extensiveness of training process. Fitness level was assessed by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). It was found the correlation of ACE, ACTN3, PPARGС1А and MSTN genes with indicators of BIA. The method of planning the amounts and intensity of training loads for athletes within the macrostructure was worked out on the basis of genetic analysis. In collaboration with University of Sports in Cologne, Germany we had analyzed the problems of development and implementa- tion of gene doping in elite sport, studied different approaches to classification of gene doping and ethical aspects of its application.

genotype, extensiveness, intensity, training, weightlifting, macrocycle, load, effectiveness of training, fitness.