Nature of Inner Asia
Bibliographic description:
, SPECIES HABITAT LOYALTY: CLASSIFICATION AND EXPERIENCE APPLY FOR BIRDS IN STEPPE LANDSCAPES // Nature of Inner Asia. - 2017. №4(5). . - С. 56-72.
Title:
SPECIES HABITAT LOYALTY: CLASSIFICATION AND EXPERIENCE APPLY FOR BIRDS IN STEPPE LANDSCAPES
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The scale of habitat loyalty is the level of preferences to biocenosis. There is no general scale applying for terrestrial animals. The aim of this paper is to make unification criteria to scale of terrestrial animals habitat loyalty and apply it for Baikal Siberia steppe birds. We offer criteria classification for terrestrial animals by scale of habitat loyalty with five gradations: 1. true native species — species inhabit in that type of biocenosisand geneti- cally belongs to it. 2. True species — species inhabit in different landscapes but in the same time prefer ecological close types biocenosis, these types of biocenosis are preferred for them. 3. Preferencespecies — polytypic speciesinhabitindifferentecosystemslandsca- pesthese biotopes are attractivebut not preference and primary. 4. Indifferent species — inhabit in different types of biotopes but this type of bionenose belongs to secondary habi- tat. 5. Random species — species are foreign to this type of biocenose.
All gradations are unified to 3 supergroups: 1) typical species (1st and 2nd gradations); 2) facultative species (3rd and 4th gradations); 3) random species (5th gradation). Thepropo-
sedclassificationofhabitatloyaltyshows one of the main characteristics of ecological struc- ture and population of terrestrial animals. Also it shows the level of loyalty to biocenose and gives opportunity to identify relation specie to habitats.
We made analysis of steppe birds Baikal Siberia using these criteria. 79 species from 13 classes are registered in breeding season in steppe ecosystems. The fauna’s structure of steppe ecosystems through habitat loyalty is heterogeneous. The most mixed is reference group, species from this group are demanded to good nesting safety.
Many steppe species are characteristic every habitatdifferentiation of nesting and feeding habitat (particularly preference and true species).
The structure bird fauna steppe Baikal Siberia through habitat loyalty is very ecology hete- rogeneous and specific because region is situated in landscape-zone ecotone.
All gradations are unified to 3 supergroups: 1) typical species (1st and 2nd gradations); 2) facultative species (3rd and 4th gradations); 3) random species (5th gradation). Thepropo-
sedclassificationofhabitatloyaltyshows one of the main characteristics of ecological struc- ture and population of terrestrial animals. Also it shows the level of loyalty to biocenose and gives opportunity to identify relation specie to habitats.
We made analysis of steppe birds Baikal Siberia using these criteria. 79 species from 13 classes are registered in breeding season in steppe ecosystems. The fauna’s structure of steppe ecosystems through habitat loyalty is heterogeneous. The most mixed is reference group, species from this group are demanded to good nesting safety.
Many steppe species are characteristic every habitatdifferentiation of nesting and feeding habitat (particularly preference and true species).
The structure bird fauna steppe Baikal Siberia through habitat loyalty is very ecology hete- rogeneous and specific because region is situated in landscape-zone ecotone.
Keywords:
classification criteria, scale of habitat loyalty, terrestrial animals, steppe land- scapes birds, Baikal Siberia.
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Dedyu I. I. Ekologicheskiy entsiklopedicheskiy slovar' [Environmental encyclopaedic dictionary].
Kishinev, 1989. 408 s.
Dorzhiev Ts. Z. Veroyatnaya istoriya stanovleniya areala i ekologiya solov'ya-krasnosheyki (Lusci- nia calliope Pall.) v Severnoy Azii [The likely history of the formation of the area and ecology of the Nightingale-krasnosheyka (Luscinia calliope Pall.) in North Asia] // Sibirskaya Ornitologiya. Vyp. 4 Vestnik Buryatskogo universiteta. Spetsial'naya seriya. Ulan-Ude, 2006. S. 68–93.
Dorzhiev Ts.Z. Simpatriya i sravnitel'naya ekologiya blizkikh vidov ptits (basseyn ozera Baykal) [Simpatriya and comparative ecology of closely related species of birds (the lake Baikal basin) ]. Ulan- Ude: Izd-vo Buryatskogo gosuniversiteta, 1997. 370 s.
Dorzhiev Ts.Z. O ponyatii statsial'noy vernosti vidov i ee gradatsii primenitel'no k nazemnym zhi- votnym [Stateline about the concept of loyalty to the species and its gradations in terrestrial animals] // Is- sledovaniya prirodnykh fenomenov i sotsial'no-ekonomicheskikh protsessov v Aziatskoy Rossii i Mongo- lii / Materialy Vserossiyskoy nauchnoy konferentsii. Ulan-Ude, 2015. S. 63–66.
Dorzhiev Ts.Z., Sandakova S.L. Ekologicheskoe raznoobrazie ptits naselennykh punktov i ikh klas- sifikatsiya [Ecological diversity of birds of inhabited localities and their classification] // Razvitie sovre- mennoy ornitologii v Severnoy Evrazii. Stavropol', 2006. S. 355–370.
Dorzhiev Ts.Z., Khabaeva G.M. K biologii obyknovennoy kukushki v Zapadnom Zabaykal'e [The biology of the Cuculus canorus in Western Transbaikalia] // Nauchnye osnovy okhrany i ratsional'no- go ispol'zovaniya ptits. Moskovskiy rabochiy, 1984. S. 194–198.
Izmaylov I.V., Borovitskaya G.K. Ptitsy Yugo-Zapadnogo Zabaykal'ya [The Birds of Southwest Transbaikalia]. Vladimir, 1973. S. 316.
Kishchinskiy A.A. Ptitsy Koryakskogo nagor'ya [Birds of the Koryak upland]. M., 1980. 336 s. Klausnittser B. Ekologiya gorodskoy fauny [Ecology of the urban fauna]. M.: Mir, 1990. 276 s. Panov E.N. Kamenki Palearktiki. Ekologiya, povedenie, evolyutsiya [Oenanthe of Palearctic. Ecology, behavior, evolution ]. M., 1999. 342 s.
Radkevich V.A. Ekologiya. Kratkiy kurs [Ecology. Short course]. Minsk: Vysheyshaya shkola, 1983. 320 s.
Reymers N.F. Ptitsy i mlekopitayushchie yuzhnoy taygi Sredney Sibiri [Birds and mammals of the southern taiga of Central Siberia]. M.-L.: Nauka, 1966. 420 s.
Shchekin B.V. Ptitsy Daurii [Birds of Dauria]. Chita, 2007. 504 s.
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