BSU bulletin. Humanities Research of Inner Asia
Bibliographic description:
THE CLOSING OF ORTHODOX CHURCHES ON THE TERRITORY ZABAIKALYE IN 20s–30s of 20th CENTURY AS AN ASPECT OF THE REPRESSIVE POLICIES OF THE STATE TOWARDS RELIGION // BSU bulletin. Humanities Research of Inner Asia. - 2017. №3. . - С. 49-55.
Title:
THE CLOSING OF ORTHODOX CHURCHES ON THE TERRITORY ZABAIKALYE IN 20s–30s of 20th CENTURY AS AN ASPECT OF THE REPRESSIVE POLICIES OF THE STATE TOWARDS RELIGION
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In the article the repressive policy of the Soviet state is covered by the closure of the Orthodox
churches, chapels, prayer houses. Persecution of religion was not limited by the
persecution of the clergymen. The closure of religious buildings was of great importance
in the secularization of spiritual values, as they were the markers of the spread of religion
in a certain territory, the material expression of spirituality, faith, religious symbol. Contrary
to the widespread point of view that the Orthodox churches in the region almost all
were closed during the persecution of religion in the 1920s–1930s, the author means two
waves of closing. The second wave falls on the 50s of the 20th century. It is noted that despite
the relative prominence of what cathedrals, churches, chapels and prayer houses of
the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) in Transbaikalia were closed at different times; nowadays
there are no available scientific publications of the general picture of what happened.
Just as the data in various articles, monographs, and popular science notes
didn’tmatch to all of the religious buildings that existed in the region. But the main conclusion
is the remark that as a result of persecution of the Orthodox Church by the authorities
in the Transbaikalia, a few churchesstill remained and so far only parts of them were
restored. Theserious work with the sources to reconstruct the most complete picture of the
closing of the temples in the region is required, as well asthe active work on the restoration
of those churches, which todayare in a deplorable state.
churches, chapels, prayer houses. Persecution of religion was not limited by the
persecution of the clergymen. The closure of religious buildings was of great importance
in the secularization of spiritual values, as they were the markers of the spread of religion
in a certain territory, the material expression of spirituality, faith, religious symbol. Contrary
to the widespread point of view that the Orthodox churches in the region almost all
were closed during the persecution of religion in the 1920s–1930s, the author means two
waves of closing. The second wave falls on the 50s of the 20th century. It is noted that despite
the relative prominence of what cathedrals, churches, chapels and prayer houses of
the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) in Transbaikalia were closed at different times; nowadays
there are no available scientific publications of the general picture of what happened.
Just as the data in various articles, monographs, and popular science notes
didn’tmatch to all of the religious buildings that existed in the region. But the main conclusion
is the remark that as a result of persecution of the Orthodox Church by the authorities
in the Transbaikalia, a few churchesstill remained and so far only parts of them were
restored. Theserious work with the sources to reconstruct the most complete picture of the
closing of the temples in the region is required, as well asthe active work on the restoration
of those churches, which todayare in a deplorable state.
Keywords:
religion, the Orthodox Church, temple, believers, authorities, policy, society,
repressions, persecutions, Transbaikalia
repressions, persecutions, Transbaikalia
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vzaimootnoshenii v 1917–1930 gg. na territorii Baikal'skogo regiona // Vlast'. № 9. 2012. pp. 160–163.
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gg. (na materialakh Baikal'skogo regiona): dis … d-ra ist. nauk: 07.00.02. Ulan-Ude: In-t mongolovedeniya,buddologii i tibetologii SO RAN, 2009. 491 p.
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v 1917–1930-e gg. (na materialakh Baikal'skogo regiona) / I. S. Tsyrempilova. — Ulan-Ude: IPK VSGAKiI,2008. — 300 p.
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pravoslavnoi tserkvi (Soveta po delam religii) v 1940–1980-kh gg. (na primere Baikal'-skogo regiona)
// Vlast'. № 10. 2010. pp. 47–50.
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19. Husband W. B. ―Godless Communists‖: Atheism and Society in Soviet Russia, 1917–1932. De-
Kalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 2000. 258 p.
20. Pospielovsky D. A. History of Soviet Atheism in Theory and Practice, and the Believer. Vol. 3.
N-Y: St. Martin's Press Inc., 1987. Vol. 1. A History of Marxist-Leninist Atheism and Soviet Antireligious Policies. 189 p.; Vol. 2. Soviet Anti-Religious Campaigns and Persecution. 275 p.; Vol. 3. Soviet Studies on the Church and the Believer's Response to Atheism. 325 p.
21. Pospielovsky D. The Russian Church under the Soviet Regime 1917–1982. Vol. 2. N.-Y: St.
Vladimir's Seminary Press, 1984. Vol. 1. 248 p.; Vol. 2. 535 p.
22. Pospielovsky D. History of the Orthodox Church in the History of Russian 1998. N.-Y: St Vladimir's Seminary Press. 413 p.
politiki 1920–1930-kh gg. // Nauchnye vedomosti. Seriya: Istoriya, politologiya, ekonomika, informatika.№ 19 (138). Vyp. 24. 2012. pp. 124–129.
2. Vasil'eva O. Yu. Gosudarstvenno-tserkovnye otnosheniya sovetskogo perioda: periodizatsiya i
soderzhanie // Pravoslavie.ru. – URL: http://www.pravoslavie.ru/archiv/sovietstate-church.htm (data obrashcheniya:10.09.2017).
3. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Rossiiskoi Federatsii (GARF), F. R-5263, Op. 1. D. 2.
4. GARF, F. R-5263, Op. 1. D. 61.
5. GARF, F. R-5263, Op. 1. D. 69.
6. GARF, F. R-5263, Op. 1. D. 131.
7. GARF, F. R-6991, Op. 1, D. 516
8. GARF, F. R6991, Op. 1, D. 1206.
9. Gorina K. V., Novikov A. N. Prigranichnye osobennosti territorial'noi organizatsii Russkoi Pravoslavnoi Tserkvi v Zabaikal'skom krae // Geopoliticheskii potentsial transgranichnogo sotrudnichestva stran Aziatsko-Tikhookeanskogo regiona. Vladivostok: Dal'nauka Izdatel'stvo VGUES, 2010. pp. 438–455.
10. Zakon Rossiiskoi Federatsii ot 18.10.1991 № 1761-1 (v redaktsii ot 09.03.2016 g.) // Konsul'tantPlyus — nadezhnaya pravovaya podderzhka. URL: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_
LAW_1619/e07123f93cc99d707eee3fd50529d8d7f92a0c06/ (data obrashcheniya: 17.09.2017).
11. Kozlov F. N. Zakrytie tserkvei kak element gosudarstvennoi antireligioznoi politiki v kontse
1920–nachale 1930-kh godov (po materialam natsional'nykh respublik Srednego Povolzh'ya) // Vestnik
Chuvashskogo universiteta. № 1. 2014. p. 32.
12. Koroleva L. A. Zakrytie tserkvei v SSSR v 1930-e gg. (na primere Penzenskogo regiona) //
Mezhdunarodnyi nauchno-issledovatel'skii zhurnal. № 4–7 (46). 2016. pp. 50–52.
13. Mitypova G. S. Istoriya likvidatsionnykh protsessov v kontekste gosudarstvennoi, religi-oznoi
politiki sovetskogo perioda (1917–1945 gg.): po materialam Natsional'nogo Arkhiva Respub-liki Buryatiya, arkhivov VChK-NKVD-KGB-FSB) // Vestnik IrGTU. Vyp. 6. 2006. pp. 67–75.
14. Tsyrempilova I. S. Dokumental'noe nasledie RPTs v issledovanii gosudarstvenno-tserkovnykh
vzaimootnoshenii v 1917–1930 gg. na territorii Baikal'skogo regiona // Vlast'. № 9. 2012. pp. 160–163.
15. Tsyrempilova I. S. Russkaya Pravoslavnaya Tserkov' i gosudarstvennaya vlast' v 1917–1930-e
gg. (na materialakh Baikal'skogo regiona): dis … d-ra ist. nauk: 07.00.02. Ulan-Ude: In-t mongolovedeniya,buddologii i tibetologii SO RAN, 2009. 491 p.
16. Tsyrempilova I. S. Russkaya Pravoslavnaya Tserkov' i gosudarstvo: istoriya vzaimootno-shenii
v 1917–1930-e gg. (na materialakh Baikal'skogo regiona) / I. S. Tsyrempilova. — Ulan-Ude: IPK VSGAKiI,2008. — 300 p.
17. Tsyrempilova I. S., Zlygosteva Yu. G. Deyatel'nost' upolnomochennykh Soveta po delam Russkoi
pravoslavnoi tserkvi (Soveta po delam religii) v 1940–1980-kh gg. (na primere Baikal'-skogo regiona)
// Vlast'. № 10. 2010. pp. 47–50.
18. Curtiss J. S. The Russian church and the Soviet state, 1917-1950. Boston: Little, Brown, 1953.
387 p.
19. Husband W. B. ―Godless Communists‖: Atheism and Society in Soviet Russia, 1917–1932. De-
Kalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 2000. 258 p.
20. Pospielovsky D. A. History of Soviet Atheism in Theory and Practice, and the Believer. Vol. 3.
N-Y: St. Martin's Press Inc., 1987. Vol. 1. A History of Marxist-Leninist Atheism and Soviet Antireligious Policies. 189 p.; Vol. 2. Soviet Anti-Religious Campaigns and Persecution. 275 p.; Vol. 3. Soviet Studies on the Church and the Believer's Response to Atheism. 325 p.
21. Pospielovsky D. The Russian Church under the Soviet Regime 1917–1982. Vol. 2. N.-Y: St.
Vladimir's Seminary Press, 1984. Vol. 1. 248 p.; Vol. 2. 535 p.
22. Pospielovsky D. History of the Orthodox Church in the History of Russian 1998. N.-Y: St Vladimir's Seminary Press. 413 p.
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